English Pronunciation in Use ...

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Contents
Acknowledgements
About this book
5
6
): Va rieties of Engl ish
2 Accents (2): English as an inte rnational language
3 Finding out about pron unciation (1): dictionaries
4 Finding out about pronunciation (2): online resources
5 Pronunciation in slow and fa st speech
(1
8
10
12
14
16
18
(1)
6 Pronunciation in slow and fa st speech
(2)
Section B Pronunciation of words and phrases
Consonant clusters
7
play, grow, splash
Consonant clusters at the beginning of words
20
8
jump, next, glimpsed
Consonant clusters at the end of words
22
9
abstract, next Friday
Consonant clusters within and across words
24
Stress in words and phrases
10
,contro' versial and controVERsial
Word stress and prominence
26
11
'comfort and 'comfortable
Sufixes and word stress
(1)
28
12
ac'celerate and ac,cele' ration
Sufixes and word stress
(2)
30
13
ex'treme and ex'tremity
Sufixes and word stress
(3)
32
14
dis'organised and ,recon'sider
Preixes and word stress
(1)
34
15
'subway and 'super, power
Preixes and word stress
(2)
36
1 6
'news , paper and ,absolute 'zero
Stress in compound nouns
38
1 7
'hair-,raising and ,hard-' working
Stress in compound adjectives and
40
in abbreviations
1 8
,closed-circuit 'television and 'sell-by date
Stress in longer compound nouns
42
1 9
'dream of and 'live for
One-stress phrasal verbs
44
20
,hang a'round and ,look 'up to
Tw o-stress phrasal ve rbs
46
Stressed and unstressed syllables
21
some, the, from, ete.
We ak fo rms of fu nction words
48
22
We ll, YOU do it then!
Prominent fu nction words
50
23
calcu/u/late and calcu/)/late
Vo wels in unstressed syllables in content words
52
24
listen, bottle, politician, etc.
Syllabic consonants
54
Foreign words
25
deja vu, angst, tsunami
Foreign words in Engl ish
56
Section C Pronunciation in conversation
Features of fluent speech
26 one�evening, stop�now, go�away, ete. Li nking so unds
58
27
I'll
get it, These're mine
Contracted forms
60
m not sure, Not sure, 'm not sure
Ellipsis and 'near ellipsis'
62
29
las; night,
I
haven'; seen her
Leaving out consonant sounds (1): It I
64
30
an old car, a bottle o� water
Leaving out consonant sounds (2): IdJ, Jh/, 11/, Jvl
66
31
average, novelist, happening
Words that lose
a
syllable
'
68
English Ponunciation in Use (Advanced)
Section A Getting started
1 Accents
28
I
Organising information in conversation
32
II we stuck a picturell of an elephan/I
Breaking speech into units
70
33
II It's BLUElI DARK bluell
Prominent words in speech units
(1)
72
34
II I've always been terriied of SPIders !
Prominent words in speech units
(2)
74
35
II I'll beLIEVE it when I SEE i/I
Fixed phrases and idioms inspeech units
76
36
she's got an ESSay
to write
Non-prominence on inal 'empty' content words
78
37
I can't STAND
the stuff
Non-prominence on inal vague expressions
80
38
Ju st help yourSELF; Throw it to ME
Prominence in relexive and
82
personal pronouns
Intonation in telling. asking and answering
39
I'm quite busy
1
at the moment
II
Falling and rising tones
84
40
They taste great
1,
these biscuits
II
Ta ils
86
41
Great ilm
1,
wasn't it
I?
Question tags
88
42
What I don't understand
ll
is how it got there
1
Cleft sentences
90
43
Finding out or making sure ?
Questions
(1)
�2
44
Wa sn't it terrible I? Are you crazy I?
Questions
(2)
94
45
'I paid
€200,000
for it.'
'How much ll?'
Repeat questions
96
46
Although I was tired
ll,
I couldn't get to sleep
1
Comparisons and contrasts
98
47
'You were asleep in the class!' 'I .WASn't asleep
1.'
Contradictions
100
48
You couldn't carry it upSTAIRS for me ll?
Requests and reservation
102
49
On the whole
i,
it went very well
Attitude words and phrases
(1)
104
50
She just forgot,
presumably
I?
Attitude words and phrases
(2)
106
51
How embarrassing 1!
Exclamations
108
Intonation in managing conversation
52
Mhm, Right, I see
Keeping conversation going
110
53
On top of that.
.
.
J;
Anyway.
..
1
Adding information and
112
changing topic
Section D Pronunciation in formal settings
54
Before she left school she started her own business
Dividing prepared
114
speech into units
(1)
55
One of the paintingsll he let to his sister D
ividin
g
pr
e
par
e
d speech
116
into units
(2)
56
Lima - as I'm sure you know
�
-
is the capital of Peru Pron unciation
118
of inserts
We expected proits to drop, but they
W
rose Step-ups - contrasts and
120
new topics
58
Lee, will be talking to parents Step-downs - adding
122
information and ending topics
W
59
Small, medium, and large
To nes in
a
series of similar items
124
60
'Politicians are the same all over
...' Le vel tone in quoting and
126
building suspense
Section
E
Reference
El
The phonemic alphabet: Practice
128
132
136
140
143
144
192
E2
Consonant clusters: Further practice
E3
Word stress: further practice
E4
Clossary
further reading
Key
Key to phonemic and other symbols
English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)
The headteacher, Mr
Acknowledgements
I would like to thank Frances Amrani for guiding the project, and Roslyn Henderson and Alyson
Maskell for their invaluable suggestions and their attention to detail in editing the material.
I also wish to thank the following reviewers for their suggestions in the early stages of writing:
Barbara Bradford, Kent, UK
lan Chitty, Melbourn, UK
David Deterding, Singapore
Amanda Lloyd, Cambridge, UK
Andrea Paul, Melbourne, Australia
Dolores Ramirez Ve rdugo, Madrid, Spain
A number of people have provided inspiration and information, and also speciic advice on the
pronunciation of non-native English speakers. Thanks in particular to Richard Cauldwell, Frances
Hotimsky, Philip King, Gerard O'Grady and Dorota Pacek. I have drawn extensively for information
and ideas on a wide variety of teaching materials and reference wo rks, and I acknowledge the part
they have played in shaping the book. In particula , I wish to acknowledge Hahn, L. D.
&
Dickerson,
B. (1999)
Speechcrat: Wo rkbook fo r aademic discourse.
Ann Arbor: University of Michigan
Press (Units 40
41) for the analysis of stress adapted for Unit 12.
At home, thanks to Ann, Suzanne, and David for their support and willingness to listen.
Martin Hewings 2007
&
The author and publishers are grateful to the following for permission to reproduce copyrighted
material in
English Pronunciation in Use Advanced.
Jones, D. (2006)
Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary,
17th edn. Edited by P. Roach,
J. Setter and J. Hartman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cambridge Advanced Leaner's Dictionay
(2005), 2nd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Development of this publication has made use of the Cambridge International Corpus (CIC).
The CIC is a computerized database of contemporary spoken and written English, which currently
stands at 1 billion words. It includes British English, American English and other varieties of
English. It also includes the Cambridge Learner Corpus, developed in collaboration with the
University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations. Cambridge University Press has built up the CIC
to provide evidence about language use that helps to produce better language teaching materials.
Audio recording by James Richardson, AV P studios, London.
Illustrations by Jo Blake, Ma rk Draisey, Julian Mosedale and David Shenton.
Cover design by Dale To mlinson.
Designed and typeset by Kamae Design, Oxford.
English Ponunciation in Use (Advanced)
5
.
About this book
English Pronunciation in Use Advanced
gives students of English practice in pronunciation to
help improve both speaking and listening. Although it has been written so that it can be used for
self-study, it will work equally well in a class situation with a teacher.
It will be particularly useful for students whose English is adequate for most social, professional
or educational purposes, but who want to work further on pronunciation to improve their
understanding and ensure that they are easily understood both by native and non-native English
speakers. The focus is primarily on improving pronunciation in communication rather than
practising individual sounds ' or words.
Organisation
There are 60 units in the book. Each unit looks at a different .p oint ofpronunciation. Each unit
has two pages. The page on the let has explanations and examples, and the page on the right
has exercises. The 60 units are divided into four sections.
•
Section A introduces accents in different varieties of English, resources for independent study
of pronunciation and diferences between pronunciation in slow and fast speech.
•
Section B is about pronunciation in words and phrases, including consonant clusters and
stressed and unstressed syllables, and pronunciation of foreign words.
•
Section C is about pronunciation in conversation, including how intonation contributes to
meanmg.
•
Section D is about pronunciation in formal settings, including professional contexts such as
giving business or conference presentations.
Ater the 60 units there is a ifth section, Section E, which contains the following:
•
Exercises to practise the phonemic alphabet
Further practice of consonant clusters
•
•
Further practice of word stress
•
Glossary
Further reading
At the end of the book there is a Key with answers.
To accompany the book, there is a set of ive CDs, available separately or as part of a pack.
•
A CD-ROM is also available for use on a computer. On the CD-ROM additional practice
exercises are provided on all of the units (different from those in the book). The CD-ROM can
be bought separately or as part of a pack.
Additional equipment needed
A CD player is needed to listen to the recorded material that goes with this book.
It will also be useful for students to have equipment to record their own voices.
The symbol .
A
t
indicates the CD track number for recorded material, i.e. CD A, track 1.
English Pronunciation in Use Intermediate
and
English Pronunciation in Use Advanced
It is not necessary to have worked on
English Pronunciation in Use Intermediate
(see Section E5
Further reading)
before using this book. However, to practise pronunciation of particular letters
and sounds, it is recommended that students use
English Pronunciation in Use Intermediate,
where additional practice of stress and intonation can also be found. Both books have the same
format of explanations and examples on the let page and exercises on the right page in each unit
English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)
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