Encyclopedia of Mobile Computing and Commerce [2 Vols] - D. taniar (Idea, Books, Books eng, books NON FICTION, ...
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Encyclopedia of
Mobile Computing
and Commerce
David Taniar
Monash University, Australia
Volume I
A-Mobile Hunters
INFORMATION SCIENCE REFERENCE
Hershey • London • Melbourne • Singapore
Acquisitions Editor:
Kristin Klinger
Development Editor:
Kristin Roth
Senior Managing Editor:
Jennifer Neidig
Managing Editor:
Sara Reed
Assistant Managing Editor:
Diane Huskinson
Copy Editor:
Maria Boyer and Alana Bubnis
Typesetter:
Diane Huskinson
Support Staff:
Sharon Berger, Mike Brehm, Elizabeth Duke, and Jamie Snavely
Cover Design:
Lisa Tosheff
Printed at:
Yurchak Printing Inc.
Published in the United States of America by
Information Science Reference (an imprint of Idea Group Inc.)
701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200
Hershey PA 17033
Tel: 717-533-8845
Fax: 717-533-8661
E-mail: cust@idea-group.com
and in the United Kingdom by
Information Science Reference (an imprint of Idea Group Inc.)
3 Henrietta Street
Covent Garden
London WC2E 8LU
Tel: 44 20 7240 0856
Fax: 44 20 7379 0609
Copyright © 2007 by Idea Group Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or distributed in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without written permission from the publisher.
Product or company names used in this set are for identiication purposes only. Inclusion of the names of the products or companies does not indicate
a claim of ownership by IGI of the trademark or registered trademark.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Encyclopedia of mobile computing and commerce / David Taniar, editor.
p. cm.
Summary: “Nowadays, mobile communication, mobile devices, and mobile computing are widely available. The availability of mobile communication
networks has made a huge impact to various applications, including commerce. Consequently, there is a strong relationship between mobile computing
and commerce. This book brings to readers articles covering a wide range of mobile technologies and their applications”--Provided by publisher.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-59904-002-8 (hardcover) -- ISBN 978-1-59904-003-5 (ebook)
1. Mobile computing--Encyclopedias. 2. Mobile communication systems--Encyclopedias. 3. Mobile commerce--Encyclopedias. I. Taniar, David.
QA76.59.E47 2007
004.16503--dc22
2006039745
British Cataloguing in Publication Data
A Cataloguing in Publication record for this book is available from the British Library.
All work contributed to this encyclopedia set is new, previously-unpublished material. The views expressed in this encyclopedia set are those of the
authors, but not necessarily of the publisher.
Editorial Advisory Board
Bernady O. Apduhan
Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan
Kevin H. Liu
EMC Corporation, USA
Irfan Awan
University of Bradford, UK
Ismail Khalil Ibrahim
Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria
Leonard Barolli
Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Japan
Jianhua Ma
Hosei University, Japan
Stephane Bressan
National University of Singapore, Singapore
Zakaria Maamar
Zayed University, UAE
Kuo-Ming Chao
Coventry University, UK
Joseph K. Ng
Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
Mieso Kabeto Denko
University of Guelph, Canada
Wenny Rahayu
La Trobe University, Australia
Mustafa M. Deris
Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein Onn,
Malaysia
Elhadi Shakshuki
Acadia University, Canada
Timothy K. Shih
Tamkang University, Taiwan
Arjan Durresi
Louisiana State University, USA
Nguyen Manh Tho
Vienna University of Technology, Austria
John Goh (Assistant Editor-in-Chief)
Monash University, Australia
Laurence T. Yang
St. Francis Xavier University, Canada
D. Frank Hsu
Fordham University, USA
Muhammad Younas
Oxford Brookes University, UK
Hai Jin
Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
China
List of Contributors
Abdul-Mehdi, Ziyad Tariq
/
Multimedia University, Malaysia
......................................................233, 369, 693, 947
Ahmad, Ashraf M. A.
/
National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan ............................................................................
627
Al Kattan, Ibrahim
/
American University of Sharjah, UAE
...................................................................................682
Alam, Muhammad Tanvir
/
Bond University, Australia
..................................................................................724, 778
Aleksy, Markus
/
University of Mannheim, Germany
......................................................................................160,
744
Alexiou, Antonios
/
Patras University, Greece
...........................................................................................................20
Al-Khalifa, Hend S.
/
Southampton University, UK
.................................................................................................569
Almeida, Hyggo
/
Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil
.......... 71, 249, 260, 341, 621, 877, 974, 978, 1011
Al-Salman, AbdulMalik S.
/
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
..........................................................................569
Amara-Hachmi, Nejla
/
University of Paris 13, France
.........................................................................................717
Anagnostopoulos, Christos
/
University of Athens, Greece
.....................................................................................856
Antonellis, Dimitrios
/
Research Academic Computer Technology Institute, Greece &
University of Patras, Greece
....................................................................................................................................20
Antonellis, Ioannis
/
University of Patras, Greece
................................................................................................... 119
Arbaiy, Nureize
/
Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein Onn, Malaysia
.............................................................763
Avola, Danilo
/
Instituto di Ricerche Sulla Popolazione e le Politiche Sociali, Italy
.............................................1050
Aziz Basi, Hussein M.
/
Multimedia University, Malaysia
..............................................................................369, 446
Azzuhri, Saaidal Razalli Bin
/
Malaysia University of Science and Technology, Malaysia
...................................253
Baba, Takaaki
/
Waseda University, Japan
......................................................................................................804, 820
Bakhouya, M.
/
The
George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
............................................................954
Bandyopadhyay, Subir K.
/
Indiana University Northwest, USA
.............................................................................32
Barbosa, Nadia
/
Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil
...........................................................................877
Basole, Rahul C.
/
Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
........................................................................................481
Beer, Martin
/
Shefield Hallam University, UK
.......................................................................................................528
Belsis, Meletis
/
Telecron, Greece
...........................................................................................................................1028
Bin Mamat, Ali
/
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
...................................................................................233, 693
Bodomo, Adams
/
University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
........................................................................................562
Bokor, László
/
Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary
.........................................................51
Bose, Indranil
/
University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
.............................................................................................96
Bouras, Christos
/
Research Academic Computer Technology Institute, Greece &
University of Patras, Greece
............................................................................................................................ 20,
119
Bradley, John F.
/
University College Dublin, Ireland
.............................................................................................243
Bryant, Barrett R.
/
University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
..........................................................................436
Bublitz, Frederico
/
Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil
......................................................................877
Byrne, Caroline
/
Institute of Technology Carlow, Ireland
......................................................................................310
Carroll, John M.
/
The Pennsylvania State University, USA ....................................................................................
291
Caschera, Maria Chiara
/
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy
...........................................................675, 1050
Chalmers, Kevin
/
Napier University, Scotland
.......................................................................................................576
Chan, Alvin T. S.
/
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
................................................................749
Chand, Narottam
/
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
..........................................................................172
Chang, Jun-Yang
/
National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences,
Taiwan
...........................................352, 616
Chang, Elizabeth
/
Curtin University of Technology, Australia
...............................................................................108
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Encyclopedia of
Mobile Computing
and Commerce
David Taniar
Monash University, Australia
Volume I
A-Mobile Hunters
INFORMATION SCIENCE REFERENCE
Hershey • London • Melbourne • Singapore
Acquisitions Editor:
Kristin Klinger
Development Editor:
Kristin Roth
Senior Managing Editor:
Jennifer Neidig
Managing Editor:
Sara Reed
Assistant Managing Editor:
Diane Huskinson
Copy Editor:
Maria Boyer and Alana Bubnis
Typesetter:
Diane Huskinson
Support Staff:
Sharon Berger, Mike Brehm, Elizabeth Duke, and Jamie Snavely
Cover Design:
Lisa Tosheff
Printed at:
Yurchak Printing Inc.
Published in the United States of America by
Information Science Reference (an imprint of Idea Group Inc.)
701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200
Hershey PA 17033
Tel: 717-533-8845
Fax: 717-533-8661
E-mail: cust@idea-group.com
and in the United Kingdom by
Information Science Reference (an imprint of Idea Group Inc.)
3 Henrietta Street
Covent Garden
London WC2E 8LU
Tel: 44 20 7240 0856
Fax: 44 20 7379 0609
Copyright © 2007 by Idea Group Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or distributed in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without written permission from the publisher.
Product or company names used in this set are for identiication purposes only. Inclusion of the names of the products or companies does not indicate
a claim of ownership by IGI of the trademark or registered trademark.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Encyclopedia of mobile computing and commerce / David Taniar, editor.
p. cm.
Summary: “Nowadays, mobile communication, mobile devices, and mobile computing are widely available. The availability of mobile communication
networks has made a huge impact to various applications, including commerce. Consequently, there is a strong relationship between mobile computing
and commerce. This book brings to readers articles covering a wide range of mobile technologies and their applications”--Provided by publisher.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-59904-002-8 (hardcover) -- ISBN 978-1-59904-003-5 (ebook)
1. Mobile computing--Encyclopedias. 2. Mobile communication systems--Encyclopedias. 3. Mobile commerce--Encyclopedias. I. Taniar, David.
QA76.59.E47 2007
004.16503--dc22
2006039745
British Cataloguing in Publication Data
A Cataloguing in Publication record for this book is available from the British Library.
All work contributed to this encyclopedia set is new, previously-unpublished material. The views expressed in this encyclopedia set are those of the
authors, but not necessarily of the publisher.
Editorial Advisory Board
Bernady O. Apduhan
Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan
Kevin H. Liu
EMC Corporation, USA
Irfan Awan
University of Bradford, UK
Ismail Khalil Ibrahim
Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria
Leonard Barolli
Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Japan
Jianhua Ma
Hosei University, Japan
Stephane Bressan
National University of Singapore, Singapore
Zakaria Maamar
Zayed University, UAE
Kuo-Ming Chao
Coventry University, UK
Joseph K. Ng
Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
Mieso Kabeto Denko
University of Guelph, Canada
Wenny Rahayu
La Trobe University, Australia
Mustafa M. Deris
Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein Onn,
Malaysia
Elhadi Shakshuki
Acadia University, Canada
Timothy K. Shih
Tamkang University, Taiwan
Arjan Durresi
Louisiana State University, USA
Nguyen Manh Tho
Vienna University of Technology, Austria
John Goh (Assistant Editor-in-Chief)
Monash University, Australia
Laurence T. Yang
St. Francis Xavier University, Canada
D. Frank Hsu
Fordham University, USA
Muhammad Younas
Oxford Brookes University, UK
Hai Jin
Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
China
List of Contributors
Abdul-Mehdi, Ziyad Tariq
/
Multimedia University, Malaysia
......................................................233, 369, 693, 947
Ahmad, Ashraf M. A.
/
National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan ............................................................................
627
Al Kattan, Ibrahim
/
American University of Sharjah, UAE
...................................................................................682
Alam, Muhammad Tanvir
/
Bond University, Australia
..................................................................................724, 778
Aleksy, Markus
/
University of Mannheim, Germany
......................................................................................160,
744
Alexiou, Antonios
/
Patras University, Greece
...........................................................................................................20
Al-Khalifa, Hend S.
/
Southampton University, UK
.................................................................................................569
Almeida, Hyggo
/
Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil
.......... 71, 249, 260, 341, 621, 877, 974, 978, 1011
Al-Salman, AbdulMalik S.
/
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
..........................................................................569
Amara-Hachmi, Nejla
/
University of Paris 13, France
.........................................................................................717
Anagnostopoulos, Christos
/
University of Athens, Greece
.....................................................................................856
Antonellis, Dimitrios
/
Research Academic Computer Technology Institute, Greece &
University of Patras, Greece
....................................................................................................................................20
Antonellis, Ioannis
/
University of Patras, Greece
................................................................................................... 119
Arbaiy, Nureize
/
Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein Onn, Malaysia
.............................................................763
Avola, Danilo
/
Instituto di Ricerche Sulla Popolazione e le Politiche Sociali, Italy
.............................................1050
Aziz Basi, Hussein M.
/
Multimedia University, Malaysia
..............................................................................369, 446
Azzuhri, Saaidal Razalli Bin
/
Malaysia University of Science and Technology, Malaysia
...................................253
Baba, Takaaki
/
Waseda University, Japan
......................................................................................................804, 820
Bakhouya, M.
/
The
George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
............................................................954
Bandyopadhyay, Subir K.
/
Indiana University Northwest, USA
.............................................................................32
Barbosa, Nadia
/
Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil
...........................................................................877
Basole, Rahul C.
/
Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
........................................................................................481
Beer, Martin
/
Shefield Hallam University, UK
.......................................................................................................528
Belsis, Meletis
/
Telecron, Greece
...........................................................................................................................1028
Bin Mamat, Ali
/
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
...................................................................................233, 693
Bodomo, Adams
/
University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
........................................................................................562
Bokor, László
/
Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary
.........................................................51
Bose, Indranil
/
University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
.............................................................................................96
Bouras, Christos
/
Research Academic Computer Technology Institute, Greece &
University of Patras, Greece
............................................................................................................................ 20,
119
Bradley, John F.
/
University College Dublin, Ireland
.............................................................................................243
Bryant, Barrett R.
/
University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
..........................................................................436
Bublitz, Frederico
/
Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil
......................................................................877
Byrne, Caroline
/
Institute of Technology Carlow, Ireland
......................................................................................310
Carroll, John M.
/
The Pennsylvania State University, USA ....................................................................................
291
Caschera, Maria Chiara
/
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy
...........................................................675, 1050
Chalmers, Kevin
/
Napier University, Scotland
.......................................................................................................576
Chan, Alvin T. S.
/
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
................................................................749
Chand, Narottam
/
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
..........................................................................172
Chang, Jun-Yang
/
National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences,
Taiwan
...........................................352, 616
Chang, Elizabeth
/
Curtin University of Technology, Australia
...............................................................................108
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